The Night of the Long knives

By Girish Nikam


It was a night of the long knives, and by the time it ended well past midnight the Congress party was on the verge of an unexpected split. No one however seemed to be aware of it, as almost all the journalists covering the Congress Working Committee meet on that summer night of May 15, 1999, were eager to finish and rush home to watch the first match of the Cricket World Cup India was playing against South Africa at Hove.

The meeting held in the background of the collapse of the Vajpayee Government and also the failed efforts of the Congress party to form an alternative government, was to discuss future alliances. Sharad Pawar was to visit Chennai next day to sew up the alliance with AIADMK Chief Jayalalithaa, who had in fact started it all by switching allegiance from the BJP-led NDA to Congress, resulting in the fall of the Vajpayee Government by one vote.

Arjun Singh who had briefed the media, after the three and half hour long marathon meeting had managed to cover up the brewing revolt successfully. The focus of his briefing was how Sonia Gandhi told the CWC that she was not intimidated by the Sangh Parivars campaign over her Italian origin.

What he did not say and no one asked was whether the intimidation was only from the Sangh Parivar or within too! However what happened in the meeting was much more dramatic than what Arjun Singh had let out.

The issue of foreign origin of Sonia Gandhi and what was then thought to be her attempt to become the Prime Minister, was an issue that not only bothered the Sangh Parivar as it was made out to be by Arjun Singh. There were several leaders in the Congress who were equally if not more uncomfortable with that thought. No one more than P.A.Sangma. The diminutive former Speaker, who incidentally had become the favourite of Sonia Gandhi, as he was anointed to head some very important committees of the AICC, was making no bones about his discomfiture with a very close circle of friends in the weeks prior to the meeting. He had in fact, nearly a month before the actual revolt on May 15, prepared a letter opposing a foreign origin person to become Prime Minister. He had even taken the issue to his native Tura and discussed with some of his close supporters in the constituency about the consequences of him raising the issue. He was prepared for the consequences.

When he went to attend the meeting of the CWC on the evening of May 15, he was fully prepared to take up the issue. What he did not anticipate was the support he got in the meeting. Contrary to the popular perception, there was no prior planning between Sangma, Sharad Pawar and Tariq Anwar to raise the issue in unison at the meeting.

This was evident when that night Sangma was pleasantly surprised, and said it in so many words. Can you believe it? Even Sharad Pawar and Tariq Ansari, supported me, he blurted out, when contacted that night to check what actually happened in the meeting. From then on it was one long night of journalistic subterfuge to get the scoop. The letter which went out to 10, Janpath nearly around midnight was a mild modification of what Sangma had prepared weeks back, with the signature of Pawar and Anwar added apart from his own. Their attempts to get signature of others who had shown some inclination to support them, like Rajesh Pilot, Jitendra Prasada, who both came to Sangmas house to discuss the future course that night, proved futile. Both developed cold feet. However Praful Patel, who saw his future only with Pawar Saheb, was supportive.

The revolt however was well and truly on. It was after some major drama, with Sonia resigning from the Congress Presidents post, and serial dharnas on the Akbar Road, that she withdrew, but not before the three were expelled from the party, for anti-party activities, leading to the formation of the Nationalist Congress party.

Ten years now almost to the day, Sangma visited 10, Janpath and offered his apologies to Sonia Gandhi and both have decided to let bygones be bygones. A lot of water has flown down the Yamuna in these ten years, as both charted their own course in politics, with Sangma taking a longer time to overcome the bitterness in the relationship, than Pawar. The almost maternal attitude of Sonia towards his daughter, Agatha, a school kid, when he revolted against the Congress President, when she took oath last month, seemed to have melted him to take the extra-ordinary step of apologizing.

But what was there to apologise? As far as he was concerned, Sangma really believed in the principle that a person of foreign origin should not hold the post of Prime Minister, President or Vice President. In fact it was this insistence by the trio of Sangma, Pawar and Anwar, in that historic CWC meeting, which had paved the way for their expulsion. And going by the subsequent events, they seem to have succeeded in their endeavour.

In fact, the moment Sonia Gandhi rejected the offer of Prime Ministership on that fateful summer day of 2004, the trios campaign had come to an end. So is there a reason for the existence of Nationalist Congress Party? Maybe there would have been, but for the subsequent developments. One of the issues which the NCP talked about when it was formed on May 25, 1999, was the institutionalized and democratic working of the party. This meant the issue of dynastic politics, which they apparently abhorred in the Congress party.

In these last ten years of its existence, both the leaders, Sangma and Pawar have successfully brought in their own dynasties into politics. So is there an issue that they can claim which justifies the existence of their party?

By apologizing to Sonia Gandhi, Sangma in the best Christian traditions that he follows, has paved the way for the merger of the NCP with the Congress. Just like the initiative he had taken ten years back to split the Congress. Will Pawar and the Congress party play ball?

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6 Responses to “The Night of the Long knives”

  1. Umapathy.D says:

    Both Pawar and Sangma do need the umbrella of the Congress Party to perpetuate their dyanasties. The influence of the Maratha strong man also seems to be on the downslide in his home turf. Left with no ideological differences with Sonia Gandhi, its a matter of time before these stalwarts return ‘home’. Good mix of exclusive information and analysis.

  2. Dr.B.D.Baliga says:

    Girishji, it was nice reading what happened 10 years back. Any country will not like some one of foreign origin to head it. So Sangma deserves applause for taking the lead, or sticking out his neck!. But this time it is purely selfish fatherly response. Do not forget his announcement to support NDA, with N-E MPs just 2 days before the results. Credit for him to write and apologise. His whole family is in power now! It is definately better if both NCP and Congress merge; both are same face of same coin!
    Regards:15/06/09.

  3. Shreesha says:

    This amply proves that in Politics there are no Friends/Enemies and no Ideologies.
    Sonia is a person of foreign origin, but I think she has shown a remarkable understanding of Indian Political games. By refusing to occupy the CHAIR, she has more than occupied the hearts/ earned respect of many opponents. Despite weilding enormous power, she has choosen to project Dr singh as the Leader (time and again).
    I always wonder-if and only if Muslims had given up their claim on Babri Masjid, BJP would still be a regional party! — It is difficult to fathom what would have been our recent history.
    Shreesha

  4. Girishji, your article tracing the history back 10 years is worth recollecting. As much Mr.Sangma has opposed the foreign national issue to prevent Smt.Sonia Gandhi to become PM and once the issue has become a non issue by Mr.Manmohan Singh taking charge as PM, it would be worth greeting him , had he joined back congress immediately. we can not appreciate his decision now. It is simply to favor his daughters inclusion in the ministry. what a sacrifice for the country’s tall personality… that too once Hon’ble Speaker of Lok Sabha. The politicians should be held responsible for their selfish act and a legislation should be brought in the LS, another dynasty rule in the country.

  5. ved ratna shukla says:

    “both have decided to let bygones be bygones. A lot of water has flown down the Yamuna in these ten years, as both charted their own course in politics, with Sangma taking a longer time to overcome the bitterness in the relationship, than Pawar.” fantastic language with a Hindi-touch.
    “As far as he was concerned, Sangma really believed in the principle that a person of foreign origin should not hold the post of Prime Minister, President or Vice President. In fact it was this insistence by the trio of Sangma, Pawar and Anwar, in that historic CWC meeting, which had paved the way for their expulsion. And going by the subsequent events, they seem to have succeeded in their endeavour.” are you sure that Mr. Sangama thinks so till now, that a person of foreign origin should not hold the post of importance like… but say me the post of chairperson of UPA is what? Does it not bother to Mr. Sangama? Mrs. Sonia has the post which is much important than the post described in your Column. Remember SATTa is like an almighty court where everyone bows his head. We may say this opporutinism also.
    Regards— VED

  6. shantanu says:

    You are the first reporter who broke the news of formation of NCP on Sonias foreign origin issue. So no one can understand the relationship between NCP and Sonia Gandhi. But I think that, in present context sangma gave such type of statement only to get a ministers berth for his daughter in cabinet. It is all about to enjoy power gallery and improve relationship with congress president which would be helpful for him in Meghalya.

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